Non Technical Summary Disease management in putting greens is problematic in transition zone climates because of the environmental stresses encountered in both bentgrass and bermudagrass systems. It is very important to develop and evaluate tools in an integrated approach to manage the biological stress of plant diseases. Chemical fungicides ae still the cornerstone of plant disease control on creeping bentgrass putting greens in these regions of the United States.

Money Management. The Money Market Hedge: How It Works. Read etimologia-e-abreviatura-de-termos-medicos.pdf text version. ETIMOLOGIA E. Responds well to standard Pythium fungicides (ethazole, mefanoxam). FPythium Root Dysfunction. Standard Pythium fungicides not highly effective. • QoI and Qii fungicides most effective. Turf Fungicide Program Trial. Program 13 (Martin). Bruce Martin, Clemson. Db Downloader.

However, loss of older products and introduction of new fungicide chemistries, new formulation, new regulations predicate the need to evaluate the potential role of these materials in disease management strategies. Increasing urbanization in the southeastern United States is predicted to occur and the region is a popular destination for tourism. Concomitantly, the demand for quality turfgrasses in golf course, parks, home lawns and commercial settings will increase. Disease management to assist in attaining and maintaining quality turfgrass is critical to continued economic developement in the region.

This research will provide a scientific basis for best management practices for disease control in putting greens regionally. It will provide a basis for understanding new diseases such as rapid blight that are the result of degrading environmental components as well as increased old diseases such as Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath spot that may result from increased inputs for putting green speed and consistency. Goals / Objectives Goals of this project are: 1)develop improved practices for fungicide use for disease control in creeping bentgrass and bermudagrass putting greens for the southeastern United States; 2) improve understanding of the pathology and ecology of Labyrinthula terrestris, the causal agent of rapid blight disease of turfgrasses; 3) identify diseases of bermudagrass and develop effective disease management practices and programs.

Expected outputs of the proposed research will include development, verification and publlcation of improved disease control programs in creeping bentgrass putting greens and in bermudagrass putting greens. Results will be disseminated by oral and written reports at scientific meetings and meetings of lay clientele, through refereed journal publications, and on-line and print trade journals. Outputs will also include new information on the infection process, life cycle and pathogenicity of Labyrinthula terrestris to host grasses, with results published in appropriate professional journals. Outputs from objective 3 will include the determination of new information on Rhizoctonia zeae and related fungi as pathogens of bermudagrass, and the influence of fertility, fungicides and growth regulators on disease severity.

This information will be published in appropriate professional journals as well as to augment control recommendations for end users. Project Methods Disease control products will be evaluated on creeping bentgrass and bermudagrass greens at the Pee Dee Research and Education Center and on in-play conditions on golf courses. Target diseases include brown patch, Rhizoctonia leaf and sheath spot, dollar spot, Pythium blight and root dysfunction, anthracnose and fairy ring infestations.

Experiments to determine efficacy, timing of applications, effects of fertility and other technology will be conducted. Disease control and nontarget effects will be evaluated. Trials will be conducted in small plots using using CO2-pressurized small plot sprayers.